Evaluating Soil Properties in Coconut-Based Agroforestry Systems Intermediate Zone of Sri Lanka

Abstract

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is cultivated worldwide because of its multiple uses. Based on the morphological characteristics of the coconut tree, when coconut is grown as a mono-crop, land use efficiency is very low. This study aimed to assess soil quality in various coconut-based agroforestry systems in the Makandura research station of the Coconut Research Institute, of Sri Lanka situated in a low country Intermediate Zone. Eight different intercropping systems under mature coconut plantations (>40 years) were assessed. Soil samples were collected from 0-45 cm depths using a random sampling technique with five replicates per system. Key soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using the MINITAB 19 version. Results showed significant differences among agroforestry systems, with sweet potato and cocoa cultivation showing notably positive impacts on soil health. The pineapple + coconut intercropping system showed mixed results. Coconut monoculture, while beneficial in some aspects, demonstrated potential for soil degradation without proper management. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the impact of different agroforestry practices on soil quality in coconut plantations.